Mata Kuliah ..

I. Suffix list
With derivational suffixes, the new word has a new meaning, and is usually a different part of speech. But the new meaning is related to the old meaning - it is "derived" from the old meaning. There are several hundred derivational suffixes. The following table lists the all derivational suffixes (most common) for Lexical Tools:

Suffix	Category	Senses	Examples	Lexical Tools Rules
able$	adj	capable, able to, can do	readability|readable wash|washable, tax|taxable, fashion|fasionable wash|washable, tax|taxable, comfort|comfortable irritate|irritable move|movable, note|notable, adore|adorable, use|usable, sale|salable, improve|improvable	ability$|noun|base|able$|adj|base able$|adj|base|$|noun|base able$|adj|base|$|verb|base able$|adj|base|ate$|verb|base able$|adj|base|e$|verb|base
ably$	adv		pass|passably, fashion|fashionably notable|notably	ably$|adv|base|$|verb|base able$|verb|base|ably$|adv|base (tbd)
ad$	noun	group	triad, monad
ade$	noun		lemonade, accolade, blockade
age$	noun	forming a noun	assemble|assemblage, mile|mileage marry|marriage garage	age$|noun|base|e$|verb|base
agogy$	noun	leading	pedagogy, demagogy
al$ (see -ality)	adj	aspect of, pertaining to	function|functional, accident|accidental, profession|professional viscera|visceral, protozoa|protozoal, vagina|vaginal universe|universal bacterium|bacterial focus|focal	al$|adj|base|$|noun|base al$|adj|base|a$|noun|base al$|adj|base|e$|noun|base al$|adj|base|um$|noun|base
al$	noun	abstract noun	arrive|arrival, refuse|refusal, appraise|appraisal
ality$	noun	property (aspect, behaviour, condition) of	proportionality, sexuality (see -al and -ity)
an$	adj		Cambodia|Cambodian urban	a$|noun|base|an$|adj|base
an$	noun		amphibia|amphibian republican, Roman, veteran	a$|noun|base|an$|noun|base
ance$	noun	an act of, a state of, the result of (see ence$)	govern|governance, annoy|annoyance, repent|repentance defiant|defiance, conformant|conformance, relevant|relevance, relevant|relevance, insure|insurance	ance$|noun|base|$|verb|base ance$|noun|base|ant$|adj|base ance$|noun|base|e$|verb|base
ancy$	noun		pregnancy, redundancy, vacancy
ant$	adj	pertaining to, VERB + ing (see ent$)	relax|relaxant radiate|radiant, dominate|dominant, please|pleasant fumigation|fumigant	ant$|adj|base|$|verb|bas ant$|adj|base|ate$|verb|base ant$|adj|base|ation$|noun|base
ant$	noun	one who, that which (see ent$)	triumph|triumphant, assist|assistant, inhabit|inhabitant stimulate|stimulant, immigrate|immigrant serve|servant	ant$|noun|base|$|verb|base ant$|noun|base|ate$|verb|base ant$|noun|base|e$|verb|base
ar$	adj		alveola|alveolar, fibula|fibular insulate|insular, modulate|modular line|linear, module|modular alveous|alveolar	a$|noun|base|ar$|adj|base ar$|adj|base|ate$|verb|base ar$|adj|base|e$|noun|base ar$|adj|base|us$|noun|base
ar$	noun		beggar, liar
ard$	noun		drunkard, coward, wizard, steward
ary$	adj	pertaining to, verb + ing (see ory$)	inflation|inflationary, second|secondary, caution|cautionary imagine|imaginary	ary$|adj|base|$|noun|base
ary$	noun	a place where (see ory$)	diction|dictionary, seminar|seminary
arch$	noun	ruler, leader	monarch, tetrarch
archy$	noun	rule, leadership	gynarchy, anarchy
arium$	noun	a place where	aquarium
asia$	noun		fantasia|fantastic	asia$|noun|base|astic$|adj|base
ate$	adj	pertaining to, VERB + ing	adequacy|adequate, celibacy, celibate ire|irate ilitera|literate desper|desperate, fortune|fortunate	acy$|noun|base|ate$|adj|base
ate$	noun	one who, that which	certify|certificate, advocate|advocate
ate$	verb	to VERB, to cause to, to make	libera|liberate, hyphen|hyphenate, concentration|concentrate, oscille|oscillate
athlon$	noun	sporting event	pentathlon, decathlon
ation$	noun	state or concept of	flirt|flirtation admire|admiration, starve|starvation, hesitate|hesitation, explore|exploration pronounce|pronunciation	ation$|noun|base|$|verb|base ation$|noun|base|e$|verb|base
ation$	noun	from verb with -ate, state or concept of	alienate|alienation, concentrate|concentration, oscillate|oscillation, narrate|narration, invite|invitation	ate$|verb|base|ation$|noun|base
ative$	noun		relate|relative, narrate|narrative	ative$|noun|base|ate$|verb|base
ative$	adj		talkative, lucrative, affirmative
atory$	noun		laboratory, conversatory
bound$	adv	heading in the direction of	inbound, outbound, citybound
cele$, coele$, coel$	noun	body cavity	mucocoel or mucocoele
cele$	noun	tumor, hernia	hydatidocele
centesis$	noun	puncturing	amniocentesis, rachicentesis
cephalic$	adj	relating to the head	anencephaly, macrocephaly
chondrion$	noun	small grainlike structure	mitochondrion
cide$	noun	murder, killing agent	suicide, vespacide, regicide, fratricide
city$	noun	practice	atrocity
cy$	noun	expressing the quality of an adjective	diplomacy, literacy, idiocy
cycle$	noun	circle, cycle, unit of radio frequency	epicycle, hydrocycle
dom$	noun	state or condition of	freedom, boredom, kingdom
ectasia$, ectasis$	noun	stretching out	brochiectasis, telangiectasia
ectomy$	noun	surgical removal	laryngectomy, vasectomy
ed$	adj		pigment|pigmented bore|bored, tile|tiled, glue|glued	ed$|adj|base|$|noun|base ed$|adj|base|e$|noun|base
ee$	noun	changes verb to a noun (the object of that verb)	employee, referee, payee
eer$	adj		engineer, overseer
eme$	noun	linguistic unit	lexeme, phoneme, morpheme
emia$	noun	blood condition	leukemia, anaemia
en$	adj		golden, wooden, written, frozen
en$	verb		lessen, deafen, frighten
enchyma$	noun	cellular tissue	mesenchyma, karyenchyma
ence$	noun	an act of, a state of, the result of (see ance$)	deferential|deference corpulence|corpulent, prominent|prominence, independent|independence, violent|violence, absent|absence	ence$|noun|base|ent$|adj|base ence$|noun|base|ential$|adj|base
ency$	noun		fluent|fluency, cogent|cogency, clement|clemency absorbent|absorbency, frequent|frequency, consistent|consistency	ency$|noun|base|ent$|adj|base ency$|noun|base|ent$|noun|base
ent$	adj	pertaining to, VERB + ing (see ant$)	differ|different, excellence|excellent, independency|independent, fluency|fluent
ent$	noun	one who, that which (see ant$)	residence|resident, regency|regent, superintend|superintendent
eous$	adj		courteous
er$	noun	one who (see or$)	work|worker, teach|teacher, employ|employer write|writer, pursue|pursuer work|worker, write|writer, teach|teacher	er$|noun|base|$|verb|base er$|noun|base|e$|verb|base
ergy$	noun	work	energy, synergy
ern$	adj	direction	western, northern
ery$	noun		slave|slavery, machine|machinery nun|nunnery	ery$|noun|base|e$|noun|base
esce$	verb	to become, to change	convalescent|convalesce
ese$	adj, noun	nationality, language	Chinese, Lebanese, Portuguese
esque$	adj	in the style of	Pythonesque, Romanesque, picturesque
ess$	noun	female	god|goddess, actor|actress, waiter|waitress, steward|stewardess, priest|priestess
esthesis$, esthesia$	noun	sensation, feeling	synesthesia, kinesthesis
etic$	adj		hypothesis|hypothetic energetical|energetic, sympathetical|sympathetic, frenetic	etic$|adj|base|esis$|noun|base
ette$	noun	small ~	diskette, statuette, usherette
fare$	noun	how things are going / coming along	welfare, fanfare, warfare
ful$	adj	full of, having some or much	hand|handful, sorrow|sorrowful, forget|forgetful, hope|hopeful, use|useful, help|helpful
gate$	noun	a scandal, often political (back-formed from the Watergate scandal)	Watergate, nipplegate
gnosis$	noun	knowing	prognosis, diagnosis
gon$	noun	angle	polygon, pentagon
graph$	noun		photograph|photography	graph$|noun|base|graphy$|noun|base
gram$	noun		thermographic|thermogram thermograph|thermogram thermography|thermogram	gram$|noun|base|graphic$|adj|base gram$|noun|base|graph$|noun|base gram$|noun|base|graphy$|noun|base
gry$	noun	adjective form of only 2 or 3 nouns in the English language	angry, hungry
hedron$	noun	seat, face	icosahedron, tetrahedron
holic$	adj	love, addiction	alcoholic, workaholic
hood$	noun	state/condition of, a group sharing characteristics	child|childhood, neighbor|neighborhood, brother|brotherhood, adult|adulthood, false|falsehood
ia$	noun	abnormal state, a medical condition	insomnic|insomnia, manic|mania, apraxic|apraxia, dementic|dementia, dysarthric|dysarthria	ia$|noun|base|iac$|noun|base
iable$	adj		sociable
ial$	adj		colony|colonial, specially|special filiality|filial, remediality|remedial	ial$|adj|base|y$|noun|base
ian$	adj	From, related to, or like	mammal|mammalian
ian$	adj, noun	from, related to, or like	Algeria|Algerian Syria|Syrian Italy|Italian Brazil|Brazilian,Christ|Christian	ian$|adj|base|ia$|noun|base ian$|noun|base|ia$|noun|base
ian$	noun	one from, belonging to, relating to, or like	politics|politician, library|librarian, physic|physician, music|musician
iant$	adj		deviance|deviant, defiance|defiant	iance$|noun|base|iant$|adj|base
iary$	adj		tertiary
iasis$	noun		trombicula|trombiculiasis	a$|noun|base|iasis$|noun|base
iate$	verb		asphyxiate, deviate
ible$	adj	capable, can do (same as -able)	incredible, terrible, visible
ibly$	adv		incredibly, responsibly, terribly
ic$	noun	a thing	topic topic
ic$	adj	pertaining to	amnesia|amnesic, academia|academic alcohol|alcoholic elasticity|elastic, electronicity|electronic, neurotic|neuroticity, historicity|historic barbarism|barbaric demagogy|demagogic	ia$|noun|base|ic$|adj|base ic$|adj|base|$|noun|base ic$|adj|base|icity$|noun|base ic$|adj|base|ism$|noun|base ic$|adj|base|y$|noun|base
ical$	adj		critic|critical, economic|economical, phonologic|phonological, historic|historical anatomy|anatomical	ical$|adj|base|ic$|noun|base ical$|adj|base|y$|noun|base
ics$	noun	the study of	Physics,Aerodynamics,Forensics, economics
id$	adj	(categorical) property (aspect) of	hominid, tepid, candid, fervid (compare -al)
iency$	noun		expedieny
ient$	adj		deficiency|deficient, saliency|salient, sentiency|sentient, expediency|expedient	ient$|adj|base|iency$|noun|base
ier$	noun		cashier, financier, gondolier
ify$, fy$	verb	to become, make	argu|argufy, clear|clarify, ispec|specify, base|basify, vile|vilify
ile$	adj	being	senility|senile, tactility|tactile, facility|facile, volatility|volatile
illion$	noun	large numbers	million, billion
ious$	adj		mbition|ambitious, religion|religious glory|glorious deliciousness|delicious vivacity|vivacious	ion$|noun|base|ious$|adj|base ious$|adj|base|y$|noun|base
ing$	noun	noun from verb, in the process of	doing, acting
ing$	noun		bedding, stuffing, roofing
ion$	noun	an act of, a state of, the result of	act|action, companion
ish$	adj	adjective from noun; similar, sort of; approximately	girl|girlish, clear|clearish|foolish, slef|selfish, green|greenish, tall|tallish, fifty|fiftyish, ten|tennish
ish$	adj, noun	nationality, language	Spanish, Turkish, English
ism$	noun	doctrine, act, believe, practice, condition	capital|capitalism, Protestant|Protestantism, alcohol|alcoholism, southern|southernism Buddhist|Buddhism, fatalist|fatalism, communist|communism baptise|baptism, criticise|criticism anachronistic|anachronism, atavistic|atavism	ism$|noun|base|$|noun|base ism$|noun|base|ist$|noun|base ism$|noun|base|istic$|adj|base
ist$	noun	person, one who,	art|artist, social|socialist, cell|cellist, violin|violinist race|racist, dental|dentist, piano|pianist	ist$|noun|base|$|noun|base
ista$	adept		fashionista
ite$	noun	member of a group	socialite, Carmelite
ite$	adj	pertaining to	finity|finite
itis$	noun	disease, inflammation	bronchitic|bronchitis, hepatitic|hepatitis, gingivitis
itive$	adj		sensitive
itude$	noun		attitude, gratitude, Beatitude
ity$	noun	expressing state or condition, name of a quality	bnormal|abnormality, normal|normality, formal|formality, banal|banality adverse|adversity frivolous|frivolity	ity$|noun|base|$|adj|base ity$|noun|base|e$|adj|base ity$|noun|base|ous$|adj|base
ium$	noun	metallic element (exception: helium)	sodium, Calcium
ive$	noun	an act of, a state of, the result of	mission|missive, explosion|explosive mission|missive	ive$|noun|base|ion$|noun|base
ive$	adj	make the noun an adjective	cursiveness|cursive, defense|defensive, aggression|aggressive, passivity|passive
ization$, isation$	noun		organize|organization, categorize|categorization	ization$|noun|base|ize$|verb|base
ize$, ise$	verb	to cause, to be, to become, to make	vocal|vocalize, terror|terrorize, material|materialize, material|materialise, idol|idolize, idol|idolise private|privatize	ize$|verb|$|noun (TBD)
izzle$	used for hip hop slang		Americizzle
kinesis$	noun	movement (ability thereof)	telekinesis
less$	adj	lack of	seed|seedless, home|homeless, use|useless, care|careless, clue|clueless
let$	noun	diminutive, or denoting a relation to some part of the body	ringlet, hamlet, anklet
like$	adj	having the qualities of	childlike
ling$	noun	smaller, younger, cuter or weaker version of the noun root OR sharing an identity or quality of the noun root (e.g. as a follower)	darling, duckling, earthling, sapling
ly$	adj	-like, having the attributes of	brother|brotherly, state|stately, month|monthly
ly$	adv	-like, having the attributes of	active|actively, helpful|helpfully, quick|quickly, clear|clearly invariable|invariably	ly$|adv|base|$|adj|base ly$|adv|base|le$|adj|base
man$	noun	person	fireman, statesman
mancy$	noun	divination by	crystallomancy, bibliomancy, necromancy
mania$	noun	an irrational but irresistible motive for a belief or action	kleptomania, megalomania, mythomania
ment$	noun	a substance, abstract noun	treat|treatment, retire|retirement judge|judgment, move|movement, amaze|amazement	ment$|noun|base|$|verb|base
meter$	noun	measuring device	thermometry|thermometer barometer	meter$|noun|base|metry$|noun|base
metry$	noun	measure	symmetry, geometry, isometry
mony$	noun		testimony, ceremony
morphism$	noun	form	isomorphism, homomorphism
most$	adj		utmost, innermost
ness$	noun	abstract noun	one|oneness, clam|clamness, sad|sadness, kind|kindness, ruthless|ruthlessness, dark|darkness	ness$|noun|base|$|adj|base
nik$	noun	Slavic origin; corresponds to "-er"	otkaznik, beatnik
ocracy$	noun	system of government	kakistocracy, democracy, androcracy
ogram$	noun	writing, description	ideogram
ography$	noun	study of	stenography, geography, photography
oid$	adj	resembling	android, solenoid, hominoid
oid$	noun	resembling	planetoid
ologist$	noun	one who studies a scientific subject	archaeologist
ology$	study, science		biology, psychology, planetology
oma$	noun	a tumor, a growth	fiber|fibroma
ome$	noun	subject of an "-omics"	genome
omics$	noun	study of rules	proteomics, economics
onomy$	noun	knowledge of	astronomy
onym$	noun	name, word	antonym, consonym, heteronym
opsy$	noun	examination	autopsy, biopsy
or$	noun	one who, person (see er$)	act|actor, govern|governor, edit|editor, conduct|conductor sense|sensor, fact|factor ?	or$|noun|base|$|verb|base or$|noun|base|e$|verb|base
or$, -our$	noun		candor, fervour, color
ory$	adj	pertaining to, verb + ing (see ary$)	auditor|auditory, sensor|sensory
ory$	noun	a place where	dormitory, historic|history, repositor|repository
ose$	adj	full of, like, given to; carbohydrates, protein derivatives	verbose; globose
osis$	noun	process, action, formation, diseased condition	diagnose|diagnosis, osmose|osmosis, ichthyotic|ichthyosis, psychotic|psychosis, mitotic|mitosis ostosis	osis$|noun|base|ose$|verb|base osis$|noun|base|otic$|adj|base
ous$	adj	VERB + ing	porosity|porous cancer|cancerous analogy|analogous dolorousness|dolorous, disaster|disastrous, nerve|nervous	osity$|noun|base|ous$|adj|base ous$|adj|base|$|noun|base ous$|adj|base|y$|noun|base
phagy$, phagia$	noun	eating	monophagy
philia$	noun	attraction	hemophilia
phobia$	noun	fear	acrophobia, mysophobia
phone$	noun, adj	sound, audio; speaker of a language	telephone, homophone; Anglophone
physeal$	adj		diaphyseal|diaphysis, physeal|physis	physeal$|adj|base|physis$|noun|base
phyte$	noun	plant, used in botany to create terms which categorise plants based on their life-history, growth-form or ecological preferences	therophyte, halophyte
polis$	noun	referring to city or big area	Metropolis, Indianapolis
s$	noun	a thing, a substance	patho|pathos
science$	noun	knowing	omniscience, prescience, conscience
scope$	noun	from Greek skopos, view; instrument for viewing and observing spaces	microscope, telescope, kaleidoscope, periscope
script$	noun	written	manuscript, transcript
ship$	noun	abstract noun, state of being	friendship, relationship, dictatorship
sion$	noun	noun that has been altered from a process	provide|provision, decide|decision, persuade|persuasion, divide|division diffuse|diffusion, illuse|illusion divert|diversion obsess|obsession	sion$|noun|base|de$|verb|base sion$|noun|base|se$|verb|base sion$|noun|base|t$|verb|base ssion$|noun|base|ss$|verb|base
sis$	noun	an act of, a state of, the result of	aseptic|asepsis gene|genesis	sis$|noun|base|tic$|adj|base
some$	adj		tiresome, awesome, fulsome
stan$	noun	land, country	Afghanistan
ster$	noun	person	youngster, gangster
t$	adj		burnt, spoilt
th$, eth$	adj	ordinal number	tenth, millionth, twentieth
th$	noun	forming a noun	growth, health, depth, strength
tion$	noun	noun that has been altered from a process	evaporation, introduction
tom$, tome$	noun	part or segment	dermatome
tropism$	noun	to turn	phototropism
ty$	noun		certainty, loyalty
uary$	noun		sanctuary, mortuary
ular$	adj		table|tabular nebula|nebular	ular$|adj|base|le$|noun|base ular$|adj|base|ula$|noun|base
ulent$	adj		turbulent, fraudulent
um$	noun	a thing, a substance	album
uous$	adj		tempestuous, unctuous, sensuous
ure$	noun	a thing, a substance, one that is related t	fail|failure, expose|exposure, natural|nature, temperature
us$	noun	inflammation	ulcus
ville$	noun	city, town from French	Nashville
vore$, vorous$	noun, adj	to devour	carnivore, herbivore
ward$, wards$	adj, adv	direction	southward, inward, upward
ware$	noun	software	hardware, software, freeware
ways$	adj		sideways, longways
wise$	adj	direction	clockwise, lengthwise
wright$	noun	person who makes	playwright, wheelwright, shipwright
y$	adj	having the quality of, inclined to	bush|bushy, mess|messy, chew|chewy bristle|bristly easily|easy run|runny	y$|adj|base|$|noun|base y$|adj|base|e$|noun|base ily$|adv|base|y$|adj|base
y$	noun	an act of, a state of, the result of	abundance|abundancy biologic|biology, jealous|jealousy, victor|victory	y$|noun|base|e$|noun|base
y$	verb		clarify|clarification, apply|application, certify|certification	y$|verb|base|ication$|noun|base